SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Buonanno, Paolo; Galizzi, Matteo M..

We explore the relationship between litigation rates and the number of lawyers, in a typical supplier-induced demand (SID) frame. Drawing on an original panel dataset for the 169 Italian courts of justice between 2000 and 2007, we first document that the number of lawyers is positively correlated with different measures of litigation rate. Then, using an instrumental variables strategy we find that a 10 percent increase of lawyers over population is associated with an increase between 1.6 to 6 percent in civil litigation rates. Thus, our empirical analysis supports the SID hypothesis for the Italian lawyers: following an increase in their relative number, lawyers may exploit their informational advantage to induce clients to access to courts even when...

Características de la demanda por carne bovina de la comunidad hispana en los estados Unidos de América.

Palavras-chave: Lawyers; Litigiosity; Causality; Labor and Human Capital; F22; J15; K42; R10.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90903

Effects of Family, Friends, and Relative Prices on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by African American Youths

Lanfranco, Bruno A..

A number of conclusions can be drawn from this research: 1) the NAFTA constitutes a key market for Uruguay beef; 2) beef import forecasts by the three NAFTA countries are placed in record numbers; 3) the Hispanic community is rapidly becoming the largest ethnic minority in the U.S., with an estimated yearly power purchase of more than $400 billion; 4) more than three-quarters of the Latino population in the U.S. concentrates in the West and South regions of the country; 64% live in urban areas of more than 1.2 million inhabitants. California (SE and NE of San Francisco and surroundings of Los Angeles) and Texas (Houston and El Paso influence areas) would be the main objectives for effective action through programs of marketing and promotion; 5) Hispanic...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Consummers; Consumption patterns; Ethnic food; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; D12; J15.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121667

Zhylyevskyy, Oleksandr; Jensen, Helen H.; Garasky, Steven B.; Cutrona, Carolyn E.; Gibbons, Frederick X..

Paper for presentation at the Northeastern Agricultural & Resource Economics Association’s Workshop on Economics and Child Nutrition Programs, AAEA & NAREA Joint Annual Meeting, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July 23, 2011.

Effects of Family, Friends, and Relative Prices on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by African American Youths

Palavras-chave: Fruit and vegetable consumption; Healthy food choices; Social interactions; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I12; J15; C35; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107086

Zhylyevskyy, Oleksandr; Jensen, Helen H.; Garasky, Steven B.; Cutrona, Carolyn E.; Gibbons, Frederick X..

Facilitating healthy eating among young people, particularly among minorities who are at high risk for gaining excess weight, is at the forefront of current policy discussions and food program reviews. We investigate the effects of social interactions and relative prices on fruit and vegetable consumption by African American youths using rich behavioral data from the Family and Community Health Study and area-specific food prices. We find the presence of endogenous effects between a youth and parent, but not between a youth and friend. Lower relative prices of fruits and vegetables tend to increase intakes. Results suggest that health interventions targeting a family member may be an effective way to increase fruit and vegetable intake by African Americans...

Farm Income Variability and the Supply of Off-Farm Labor by Limited-Resource Farmers

Palavras-chave: Social interactions; Healthy food choices; Fruit and vegetable consumption; African American youth; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; I12; J15; C35.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103411

Vergara, Oscar; Coble, Keith H.; Patrick, George F.; Knight, Thomas O.; Baquet, Alan E..

We study the relationship between the off-farm labor decision and the limited-resource farmers’ and spouses’ off-farm experience, education, and sources of income. We found that farmers’ and spouses’ off-farm experience and wages are significant factors in explaining the off-farm labor supply decision. Contrary to expectations, farm income variability is not significant in the farmers’ and spouses’ decision to see off-farm work. The off-farm labor supply of farmers and their spouses is negatively correlated with income transfers from the government. It was also found that the spouse is a residual supplier of on-farm and off-farm labor.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Farm income variability; Limited-resource farmer; Off-farm work; Tobit regression; C34; D19; D81; J15; Q18.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43394

Gender Issues in Rural Eastern India Revealed by Field Interviews: Tribal and Non-Tribal Responses

Tisdell, Clement A.; Roy, Kartik C..

Reports responses to interviews conducted in three rural villages in Eastern India in January 2000 as well as replies to questions asked at a forest meeting in West Bengal of groups/persons interested in rural women and development. The questions were designed to provide information on gender-bias and possible reasons for it, especially any economic reasons. These interviews supplemented detailed questionnaires directed to wives in these villages. Interviews were conducted with Kondhs in a village (Badala) west of Dashapalla in Orissa, with Santals in an all Santal village, (Bandhgora) in the Midnapore region of West Bengal and with Santals and scheduled caste Hindus in a mixed village, (Sadanandapur) in the same region. The results highlight significant...

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Economic discrimination; Education; Female status; Gender; Health; Hinduism; India; Kondhs; Santals; Social discrimination; Theories of the family.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D1; J12; J15; J16; Z13..

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123549

How Homophily Affects Learning and Diffusion in Networks

Golub, Benjamin; Jackson, Matthew O..

We examine how three different communication processes operating through social networks are affected by homophily - the tendency of individuals to associate with others similar to themselves. Homophily has no effect if messages are broadcast or sent via shortest paths; only connection density matters. In contrast, homophily substantially slows learning based on repeated averaging of neighbors' information and Markovian diffusion processes such as the Google random surfer model. Indeed, the latter processes are strongly affected by homophily but completely independent of connection density, provided this density exceeds a low threshold. We obtain these results by establishing new results on the spectra of large random graphs and relating the spectra to...

IMMIGRANT ASSIMILATION: DO NEIGHBORHOODS MATTER?

Palavras-chave: Networks; Learning; Diffusion; Homophily; Friendships; Social Networks; Random Graphs; Mixing Time; Convergence; Speed of Learning; Speed of Convergence; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; D83; D85; I21; J15; Z13.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50718

Duncan, Natasha T.; Waldorf, Brigitte S..

The United States provides a path to citizenship for its newcomers. Unlike other immigration countries, however, the United States does not have policies that ease assimilation or directly promote naturalization such as easily accessible and widely advertised language and civic instruction courses. Immigrants are by and large left on their own when facing legal and financial barriers or seeking instruction to pass the citizenship test. Not surprisingly, thus, we find that immigrants’ attributes such as educational attainment, English language proficiency, and income affect naturalization rates. This paper analyzes whether naturalization rates are also affected by neighborhood characteristics and informal networks for assistance and information. Towards...

Impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act on Rubber Block Plantation Scheme in Tripura

Palavras-chave: US Immigration; Assimilation; Caribbean Immigrants; Labor and Human Capital; J15; J61.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46026

Is Income Inequality Endogenous in Regional Growth?

Sharma, Gaurav; Joseph, Joby; Tharian, George K.; Dey, S.K..

Among the various promotional schemes targeted for the promotion of rubber in Tripura, Block Plantation Scheme (BPS) has been introduced exclusively for the rehabilitation of scheduled tribes and scheduled castes. BPS is a comprehensive scheme with the characteristic features of group/community approach in all spheres of operations up to primary processing and marketing and family labour participation as wage labour during the immature phase of the plantations spanning six years. However, there has been a distortion in the uninterrupted supply of family labour to the scheme in the recent past due to growing popularity of employment opportunities under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 (MGNREGA) programme, which may eventually...

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Natural rubber; Block Plantation Scheme; Tripura; Rehabilitation; Labour; MGNREGA; Agricultural and Food Policy; J15; J21; J43; J31.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119406

Hailu, Yohannes G.; Kahsai, Mulugeta S.; Gebremedhin, Tesfa G.; Jackson, Randall W..

This study focuses on testing the relationship between income inequality and growth within U.S. counties, and the channels through which such effects are observed. The study tests three hypotheses: (1) income inequality has an inverse relationship with growth; (2) regional growth adjustments are the channels through which the inequality and growth are equilibrated; and (3) income inequality is endogenous to regional growth and its adjustment. Results, based on a system of equations estimation, confirm the hypotheses that income inequality has a growth dampening effect; income inequality is endogenous to regional growth and growth adjustment; and the channels through which income inequality determines growth are regional growth adjustments, such as...

Like Oil and Water or Chocolate and Peanut Butter? Ethnic Diversity and Social Participation of Young People in England

Palavras-chave: Income inequality; Economic growth; Gini coefficient; Growth modeling; Population change; Per capita income; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Public Economics; I32; J15; O18; P25; R11; R23; R25; R51; R53; R58.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46320

Fumagalli, Elena; Fumagalli, Laura.

The paper studies the impact of ethnic diversity on social participation of young people. We first propose a theoretical model in which the agents choose between structured and unstructured social activities by taking into account the ethnic composition of the groups they join. We test our predictions using English census data together with the `Longitudinal Survey of Young People in England' (LSYPE) and we find that ethnic segregation increases the probability of hanging around near home, while ethnic fractionalization decreases it. Furthermore, more structured activities are not affected by ethnic fractionalization. Finally, we use an IV strategy based on both historical and geographical data to correct for endogenous sorting into neighborhoods. The...

MOVING TO THE LAND OF FROSTED CAKES AND FRIED FOOD: IMMIGRANT OBESITY IN THE U.S.

Palavras-chave: Social Participation; Fractionalization; Segregation; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C25; D71; J15.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55293

Liu, Jing; Waldorf, Brigitte S..

The paper focuses on body weight gain among immigrants in the US. The emphasis is on disentangling different time lines that are relevant in the context of immigration and acculturation, namely length of exposure to the high obesity culture, age at immigration, year of immigration and aging. Using data from the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS), we find that (1) acculturation is associated with higher BMIs for the 1st generation, but not the 1.5 generation; (2) immigration at an early age (before 12) facilitates acculturation progress and drives BMI convergence to natives; (3) the effect of sojourn length in the host country is unstable across model specifications; (4) BMI differences between Asian and Latino immigrants are partly due to...

Tipo: Working Paper

Palavras-chave: Immigration; Obesity; Acculturation; Health Economics and Policy; I10; J15.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120896

The Racial Saving Gap Enigma: Unraveling the Role of Institutions

Belton, Willie; Uwaifo Oyelere, Ruth.

It has been well documented in the literature that ethnicity matters significantly in the determination of savings. In particular, African-American savings lag far behind that of other ethnic groups. Similarly, the literature also provides evidence of the long-lived nature of institutions and the link between institutions and culture. In this paper, we provide an explanation for the savings gap that still exists between African-Americans and White Americans even after accounting for appropriate factors that can lead to savings differentials. We initially provide evidence that the savings gap exists and persist after including several control variables in a regression analysis. We then provide evidence that the persistent gap can not be attributed solely...